How to Load and Shoot a Muzzleloader

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Shooting a muzzle-loading rifle is a unique experience for a gun connoisseur, which no modern, precision or mass-produced rifle can match.Holding, loading and firing this pinnacle of human engineering will bring legendary heroes and villains such as Blackbeard, Davy Crockett, Captain Kidd and Daniel Boone back to life.See step 1 for more instructions.
Part 1
Part 1 of 4:

Choosing Shots and Powder

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  1. Step 1 Distingui i fucili a pietra, a ruota e a percussione.
    There are three different types of muzzle loading rifles so make sure you choose the appropriate ammunition, powder and loading method for each of them.
    • The traditional one is the stone rifle.It features a more complex but authentic firing mechanism and a longer rifling which refers to the time required for the bullet to complete one rotation in the barrel.Rifling affects the rifle's accuracy.Rifles with longer rifling are generally more accurate when used with shots called "buffalo", which feature a traditional lead pellet with a more modern shape.[1] Stone rifles require a complex loading procedure, placing a piece of flint in the hammer which falls into the basin (lock) which opens letting sparks fall.This operation is described later
    • Wheel rifles have a side firing pin similar to the stone rifle and loads in much the same way, but has a pre-loaded capsule for more modern firing.If you are not a very experienced firearms enthusiast, it is recommended that you use this method and become familiar with the mechanisms of muzzle loading before trying to shoot.[2]
    • Percussion rifles are more modern, stylistically between an older gunpowder rifle and a modern smokeless one.[3] They have a shorter rifling and are more precise and easier to load than traditional ones and have the capsule in the firing pin.
  2. Step 2 Scegli una polvere adatta per il tuo fucile.
    Traditional gunpowder can be used in any variety, although some more modern pellet types exist.These types are calibrated into compact pellets that can be poured into the barrel for loading.
    • Traditional gunpowder tends to cause the barrel to rust if not cleaned regularly and efficiently.It also absorbs moisture, making it flammable.At first, consider using powder pellets to get used to the rifle and how it shoots.
  3. Step 3 Scegli delle munizioni appropriate.
    At first, it can be a little difficult to figure out which ammo is most efficient and accurate for your rifle.By becoming familiar with how the rifle shoots and trying different types of shots, you will be better able to choose the ammunition that is right for you.
    • Traditional pellets are made of pure lead and designed to work with pieces of cloth.If you want to shoot the old way the pioneers shot, this is the ammo for you.For hunting, you might choose something different.
    • Conical rounds are bullet-shaped.They tend to be a little lighter, more accurate, and come in various sizes, depending on the internal diameter of the rifle.
    • The "Sabot" is a small shoe- or sleeve-shaped device used to better fit the bullet inside the rifle.Use the sabot to use smaller, lighter bullets or in a wider barrel to increase accuracy.If you plan on hunting, use a sabot and the right size shots with your muzzleloader to increase accuracy.[4] {ut1
  4. Step 4 Procurati delle pezze, ovatta e lubrificante.
    Most ammunition is sold with pieces of wadding used to better accommodate the shot with the powder.Usually you place a piece of cloth or paper behind the bullet to seal the caliber, or behind it to prevent the pellets from rolling out of the barrel when you point the rifle forward.
    • One of the best ways to do this is to use pillow pieces that you can easily find in haberdashery stores.If you can't find it, use paper towels.
    • The lubricant is used to reduce friction and make the weapon function better.On rifles with rifling, lubricate the barrel and wadding after each shot to facilitate loading along the rifling.
  5. Step 5 Procura capsule e felce.
    Depending on the type of rifle you have, you will also need capsules to unload the rifle, or flint for stone rifles, to hit the powder in the basin.
    • The most common percussion caps are number 11, which have been on the market for more than a hundred years.
    • Musket pods are very powerful and very popular among hunters.
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Part 2
Part 2 of 4:

Loading a wheel or percussion muzzleloader

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  1. Step 1 Controlla la canna.
    Make sure the gun is not loaded by placing the brush in the barrel and measuring the distance it reaches.It will have to travel the entire distance until it reaches the hole in the cup.Use the rod to clean the barrel of gunpowder residue, dirt or accumulated powder.
    • While loading, point it to the sky and always avoid putting your face in contact with the barrel, even while loading.
  2. Step 2 Lubrifica la canna.
    Most muzzleloading guns are sold with a pad (to lubricate the rifle) along with the ramrod.Put the lube in the barrel.Don't put too much because it could end up in the hole and prevent it from starting.A small dose is enough, no more than the amount of sunscreen you would put on your face
  3. Step 3 Misura la polvere.
    Pour the gunpowder from your horn or flask into the measuring cup, filling it to the right level, then pour the powder into the weapon.
    • Tap along the side of the rifle a few times with your hand to settle the powder.
  4. Step 4 Carica i colpi.
    Use the short side of the trigger to push the bullets into the barrel.Don't force it.When you get to the end of the short side of the tipper, pop it out and use the long side to push the ammo further down.[5] {ut1
    • Use the brush to seat the bullet well on the loaded powder.Make a quick but firm movement, not like you see in old civil war movies.There is a mark on the brush to let you know when the bullets are in place.When that mark lines up with the end of the barrel, the shot is in perfect position.
    • It is important to make sure the bullet is in the right position without leaving any gaps between the powder and the bullet itself.
  5. Step 5 Carica le capsule a percussione.
    Point the weapon in a safe direction and use the tinder to seat the capsules on the nipple.Make sure the safety is on, if your rifle has one, or if you're using a rifle with a side safety, cock the hammer halfway.
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Part 3
Part 3 of 4:

Loading a Stone Rifle

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  1. Step 1 Metti la selce nel cane Posiziona il cane a metà.
    If there is no flint yet, use a screwdriver or metal rod to loosen the screw holding the upper hammer jaw.Use a piece of leather of the right size to wrap the flint by folding it in the back.Place the flint with the leather in the jaws of the dog so as to position the pointed end towards the pelvis, tightening the screw well.{ut1
  2. Step 2 Carica completamente il cane.
    Close the hammer (the part that covers the cup) and try to fire by pressing the trigger.Make sure the shot produces sparks that go into the bowl.
    • If not, remove the fern and arrange it again.Make sure everything is well prepared and working.Don't rush.
  3. Step 3 Misura la polvere.
    Loosen the measuring cup screw along the side.Bring the end of the measuring cup back to the line that marks the amount of powder needed for your type of rifle and tighten the screw.
    • Ask at the armory what the exact quantity of powder is for your weapon.
  4. Step 4 Metti la polvere nella canna.
    Raise the muzzle of the weapon so that the barrel is perpendicular to the ground.Level the top of the measuring cup and pour the powder into the barrel.Tap the barrel along the side a couple of times with the palm of your hand to make sure all the powder falls to the bottom.
  5. Step 5 Carica l'arma.
    Place a lubricated patch on the end of the barrel.The patch must be wider than the ball and must wrap around it.Press the wrapped pellet down the barrel using the short side of the pellet.
  6. Step 6 Riempi il bacinetto.
    After placing the pellet, remove the brush and place the rifle on your lap.Fill the brass powder dispenser with FFFF powder used for stone rifles.Do this by unscrewing the screw behind the dispenser and pouring the powder until it is 3/4 full.
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Part 4
Part 4 of 4:

Shooting with a muzzleloader

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  1. Step 1 Posiziona bene il manico del fucile contro la spalla.
    Cock the hammer and aim at the target.Make sure there is no one standing in front of the cup hole.Sparks will fly, so make sure the area is clear.
    • Always wear appropriate protection before shooting a muzzle-loading gun.It's noisy.Train safely.
  2. Step 2 Mira.
    Look down the barrel through the sights.When all three sights are aligned vertically and horizontally on the target, take a deep breath and hold it.
    • Some of these weapons don't have good sights.If you want, you can modernize your old rifle by fitting modern sights.It is highly recommended to do this if you plan to go hunting.
  3. Step 3 Leva la sicura e premi il grilletto.
    Always keep the rifle in position, waiting for the smoke to clear (there will be a lot of it) before moving and looking at the target.
    • In a flintlock, the flint will slam down, scratching the inside of the hammer, knocking over the open pan, causing sparks to fall into the powder of the open pan.The powder will ignite, making a flame that passes through the hole in the basin, activating the main charge.
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Advice

  • If you want to load many shots at the same time, follow the loading procedure in the same way but instead of one pellet, put a piece of paper, then pour the desired number of pellets, then the second piece of paper to prevent them from rolling out of the barrel .
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Warnings

  • Make sure these weapons are legal in the area where you live.Some areas prohibit the use of pistols but allow muskets and rifles.
  • Treat stone rifles with the same respect you would give any weapon.Even though they look like dated toys, they are capable of blowing the minds of you and your friends.Some of these rifles are more powerful than modern ones.Never aim where you don't want to shoot.
  • Store gunpowder in metal containers or an antler, but NEVER in large quantities.If you need to store a lot of it, build a warehouse away from your home.
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Things you will need

  • Muzzle-loading rifle of any caliber, with or without rifling.It is very inadvisable to fire an old wreck taken from a 16th century galleon or any other antiquated object as the barrel may explode while firing severely maiming or killing you, thus making room for others on planet earth.Make sure old guns are certified by a gunsmith before using them.
  • Flints for stone rifles.There are different sizes, normally "English" flint is a good type to use.
  • Small pieces of leather, to be wrapped around the flint in the dog's jaws.
  • A brush that you normally purchase together with the weapon.If it's not included, as is sometimes the case, measure the inside diameter of the barrel and buy a wooden rod or rod slightly smaller than the diameter, but longer than the barrel.Apply a wood sealant such as linseed oil to keep water from seeping into the wand and causing it to swell.Now you have a brush.
  • Lead pellets of the same caliber (internal diameter of the barrel) as the weapon, which can roll from one side of the barrel to the other without getting stuck.You can also fire a bunch of smaller lead pellets (shots), so you get a double barrel effect.
  • Gunpowder.FFFF gunpowder to load the muzzle-loading weapon.There are three other types of gunpowder:F,FF, and FFF Normally F is a very dense powder usually used for larger calibers, while FF is recommended for 50 calibers.For muzzle loading pistols the FFF can be used.
  • Gunpowder horn.It is optional, but recommended if you go hunting.Keeps powder dry and ready for use.
  • Measuring cup for powder in grams.Absolutely necessary as even the most experienced shooters have blown up their guns due to overcharging.
  • Charging distributor.It's not necessary, but it makes loading the FFFF powder into the cup easier.Use a small cylinder made of brass.
  • Centillinator.Only necessary with shotguns since the pellet wrapped in the patch is much more difficult to drive down the barrel than an unpatched pellet in a smooth barrel.It is normally made of wood with two protuberances, one short and one long.
  • Weapon manual.Typically, these manuals contain information regarding the firearm including the maximum gunpowder charge.Respect the indicated criteria.If you don't have a manual for your muzzleloader, get one.
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