Cop28, final document approved:the commitment to "transition away" from fossil fuels by 2050

The 197 countries gathered at the UN climate conference in Dubai and the EU delegation welcomed the Global stocktake with applause after long mediation

The almost 200 countries gathered in Dubai at the United Nations climate conference approved by consensus the Global stocktake, the balance of commitments made to protect the environment.It is the first text of the Conference of the Parties to contain the term fossil fuels, and was greeted with long applause by delegates after yet another night of negotiation.Cop28 should have already ended but the previously proposed drafts had managed to displease practically everyone.Thus, further mediation was necessary, which was approved without a real vote.In the text, the commitment of the 197 countries plus the representation of the European Union to reduce greenhouse gas emissions is expressed with the formula transition away:transition away from fossil fuels and accelerate this action “in this crucial decade to achieve carbon neutrality in 2050”.This is the compromise reached in the United Arab Emirates, in a 21-page document that does not reintroduce the term "exit" disliked by oil-producing countries but is intended to be an attempt to address the future of all fossil fuels, oil, gas and coal.We are what we do, not what we say, so the actions we take are important, said Cop28 president Sultan Al Jaber.

Global Stocktake measures

In 2015 at the Paris Climate Conference it was established that from 2023, and then every 5 years, countries would have to produce a verification document on the policies implemented to respect the commitments made to contain the increase in temperatures within 1.5 degrees and more.The first Global Stocktake was approved in Dubai not without difficulty.Among the measures to be adopted to remain in line with the +1.5 degrees objective, present in point 28 on fossil fuels, there is the need to triple the production capacity of energy from renewable sources, and double the global average of the annual improvement in energy efficiency by 2030, accelerate efforts to phase out energy from raw coal and towards net-zero emissions systems.«Transition away», transition (and not phase out what he had done get nervous OPEC countries),  from fossil fuels into energy systems, in a fair, orderly and equitable way, accelerating action in this critical decade, so as to reach net zero by 2050 in line with science.Furthermore, in the document it is envisaged to accelerate in zero and low emission technologies, with renewable energies, nuclear, abatement and removal technologies such as carbon capture and use and storage, in particular in sectors that are difficult to abate, and in hydrogen production at low carbon emissions production.Among the commitments, that of reducing emissions produced by road transport, with the creation of new infrastructures and the diffusion of zero and low emission vehicles, and the gradual elimination of fossil fuel subsidies.